I would like a Finance tutor’s take as to why interest rates have been so low for so long, considering we are in a deficit?

I would like a Finance tutor’s take as to why interest rates have been so low for so long, considering we are in a deficit? Normally during deficits interest rates rise, as well as inflation. But interest rates and inflation have been at all-time lows. How can we explain this contradiction and what are the big concerns going forward?
I wanted to why we have low-interest rates now rather than high-interest rates.