1) Which of the following is an example of value-added time?Processing timeBoth “Wait time during inspection” and “Wait time in inventory”Wait time in inventoryWait time during inspection2) Which of the following results in long lead time?large inventorieslarge batch sizeslong setup timesAll of these choices are correct.3) The lean philosophy attempts to reduce setup times, which will:decrease within-batch wait timeincrease within-batch wait timenot affect batch sizesincrease batch sizes4) What do lean manufacturers demand from their vendors?High quality materialsLow cost materialsOn-time deliveriesAll of these choices are correct.5) Which of the following is (are) objective(s) of lean manufacturing?increased production speedeliminating wasteincreasing inventory levelsAll of these choices are correct.6) ____ manufacturing philosophy emphasizes quality and zero defects.LeanTraditionalZero-BasedChinese7) ____ manufacturing deals with several suppliers in hopes of finding the best price.EconomicProductivity improvementTraditionalLean8) Lean manufacturing philosophy reduces all of the following exceptconversion costssetup timelead timeinventory9) Traditional manufacturing emphasizes all of the following exceptcost accumulation by departmentteam oriented employee involvementprocess-oriented layoutpush manufacturing10) Under a lean environment, employees have the responsibility and authority tomake engineering changes.make decisions about operations, rather than waiting for management.determine output amounts.purchase inventory.

Suppose that we have two computers interconnected by a 30 km-long optical fiber pair (full-duplex) that transfers data at the rate of Rb = 100 Mbit/s (the same data rate is achieved over the forward and feedback channels). Due to the long fiber length, the bit-error rate Pbit is quite high, that is, Pbit = 10−4. In addition, bit errors are i.i.d., data packets are L = 4500 bits long (including a CRC field of LCRC = 32 bits and a header field of LHDR = 160 bits) and the size of acknowledgments is 496 bits (including CRC and header fields). GBN-ARQ is used for error control at the link layer. Assume that light within this fiber propagates at a rate of 3 · 105 km/sec and that the processing time at the nodes is zero.

a) What is the probability that a packet and the corresponding acknowledgment are received correctly (referred to as “packet success rate” ps)?

b) What window size should be used for GBN-ARQ?

c) What is the realized transmission efficiency ηGBN−ARQ (the data bits that are successfully sent over the channel per second)?

Repeat the analysis of the CG stage of Fig. 5.45(a) while including channel-length modulation.

This exercise takes a look at the culture of a successful high-tech company, Hewlett-Packard (HP). Explore its Web site (http://www.hp.com/). In particular click on the sections contained in “About Hewlett-Packard” (http//www.hp.com/abouthp/AboutHI!html), and especially review the section about the “Hewlett-Packard Way.”

a. What are the main elements of the HP way?

b. How does the HP way help create an organizational culture that supports effective project management?

If you have difficulty accessing any of the Web addresses listed in the text, you can find upto-date addresses on the home page of Dr. Erik Larson, co-author of this book, at www. bus.orst.edu~faculty/larson.