Because of J.R.’s inability to regularly secure transportation to the outpatient clinic for her…

Because of J.R.’s inability to regularly secure transportation to the outpatient clinic for her biweekly risperidone long-acting injections, she became noncompliant and suffered a return of her psychotic symptoms. Oral risperidone therapy was restarted at 4 mg at bedtime. Because of her continued symptoms of thought insertion, thought broadcasting, and auditory hallucinations, her dose was subsequently increased to 6 mg at bedtime. Three weeks after this dose increase, J.R. returns stating that “the voices are softer and easy to ignore” but she complains about feeling “slow.” On physical examination, you notice that she has a tremor in both hands at rest, as well as cogwheel rigidity in both arms. Can risperidone cause parkinsonism? What evidence suggests that J.R. has antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism?