Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity

Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity
4MAT REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS
The 4MAT Review is a way of responding to readings, lectures, and life experiences that requires you, the learner, to interact with new ideas on several levels. You will write 2 separate reviews: 1 review for the Entwistle textbook. In preparing your 4MAT Reviews, use each of the 4 sections listed below with corresponding Level One headings in current APA format:
1. Provide a title page including only your name, the paper title (referring to the book title), and the institutional affiliation (Liberty University). Keep in mind that current APA standards recommend the title length not exceed 12 words. All pages must include a running head and page number, and all pages are double spaced.
2. Summary: After introducing the name of the book and author, summarize the book in approximately 2 pages. Be appropriately concise but also be adequately complete in your ideas. Prove that you comprehend the main ideas by writing a clear and succinct summary. The summary is not a commentary or listing of topics but rather a discussion of the core ideas (main ideas) in the entire book. If you miss the main ideas, you lack an understanding of the complete message of the book. The summary provides the foundation for the rest of your 4MAT paper. Cite the book in-text at least once per paragraph and include page numbers for direct quotations.
3. Concrete Responses: Be vulnerable. In approximately 1 page, write about a personal life episode that this book triggered in your memory. Relate your story in first person, describing action and quoting exact words you remember hearing or saying. In the teaching style of Jesus, this is your own parable, case study, or personal connection to the main ideas of the book. Your comments in this section need to be clearly tied to main points from the book, not tangential ideas. Connect your comments to the main points for the reader.
4. Reflection: This section is a short critique or evaluation of the author’s main ideas; include positives/negatives and strengths/weaknesses. You should consider new questions that arose for you in response to what you have read and explore concerns, implications, etc. Provide this critique in approximately 1 page (sometimes additional length may be needed to provide an adequate critique).
5. Action: What are you going to do about it? Develop action steps based on the core points of the book. This section must be a description of how the main ideas will affect your counseling. What professional changes will you implement and share with others? Be precise in summarizing your action steps and clearly connect your action steps to main points from the book. This section must be 1 page or less.
6. You are also required to create a references page; on this page, you must provide the complete reference citation for the book in compliance with current APA standards.
Create and submit these assignments in a Microsoft Word document; these assignments must be written at the graduate-level and must be in current APA format.
Note: Use quotations strategically and sparingly; in a paper this size, do not use longer (block) quotations.
PLEASE INCLUDE A TITLE PAGE AND REFERENCE PAGE..MY TITLE PAGE HAS TO HAVE THE TITLE THEN MY NAME Jeannette Mitchell THEN Liberty University the name of the book is INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES TO PSYCHOLOGY AND CHRISTIANITY SECOND EDITION BY DAVID N ENTWISTLE

Duscussion Week Two Epidemiology

Discussion Question
When reviewing the goals of Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) on its website, it becomes apparent there are implications of the use of epidemiological data when designing policies and measuring success in achieving public health goals. Evaluate the following overarching HP2020 goals:

Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.
Discuss how epidemiological practices and methods have been used to explore and advance the progress toward achieving these goals. Justify your response with appropriate language from the HP2020 website. Use the keyword HP2020 to search the HP2020 website.

Justify your response using examples and reasoning. Comment on the postings of at least two classmates, explaining whether you agree or disagree with their views.

Evaluation Criteria:
Discussed how epidemiologic practices and methods have been used to explore and advance the progress toward achieving overarching HP2020 goals.
Justified answers with appropriate research and reasoning by using examples and references from textbooks, the South University Online Library, and other acceptable ref

Picot Statement

A PICOT starts with a designated patient population in a particular clinical area and identifies clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. The intervention should be an independent, specified nursing change intervention. The intervention cannot require a provider prescription. Include a comparison to a patient population not currently receiving the intervention, and specify the timeframe needed to implement the change process.

Formulate a PICOT statement using the PICOT format provided in the assigned readings. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project.

In a paper of 500-750 words, clearly identify the clinical problem and how it can result in a positive patient outcome.

Make sure to address the following on the PICOT statement:

Evidence-Based Solution
Nursing Intervention
Patient Care
Health Care Agency
Nursing Practice
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

1
Unsatisfactory
0.00%

2
Less than Satisfactory
75.00%

3
Satisfactory
79.00%

4
Good
89.00%

5
Excellent
100.00%

80.0 %Content

30.0 % Identification of Clinical Problem/Issue

Clinical problem/issue is not identified, and resolution is not addressed.

Clinical problem/issue is identified with little discussion of resolution or patient outcome.

Clinical problem/issue is identified but not supported with clinical observations or evidence. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome shows minimal improvement.

Clinical problem/issue is identified based on clinical observation experience or evidence in literature. Articles are cited to support the need for change in nursing practice. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome can be improved using nursing interventions.

Clinical problem/issue is identified based on key concepts that define evidence-based practice or clinical experience. Articles are cited to support the need for change in nursing practice. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome can show a marked improvement through a nursing intervention.

30.0 % Clinical Problem/Issue, Including Description, Evidence-Based Solution, Nursing Intervention, Patient Care, Health Care Agency, and Nursing Practice

Clinical problem/issue is not described with clarity and the corresponding elements are not included.

Clinical problem/issue description includes a basic understanding of the problem/issue and setting, with few of the following elements explained: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, patient care, health care agency, and nursing practice.

Clinical problem/issue description includes a basic understanding of the problem/issue, the setting, and the patient population. The following elements are explained: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, patient care, health care agency, and nursing practice. Minimal rationale is provided to support the resolution of the clinical problem/issue.

Clinical problem/issue description includes a thorough understanding of the problem/issue, the setting, the patient population, and why it is a problem/issue. The following elements are explained in detail: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, and patient care consistent with specific health care agency and nursing practice. Sound rationale is provided supporting the clinical problem/issue resolution.

Clinical problem/issue description includes a developed and thorough explanation of the problem/issue, the setting, the patient population, and the rationale for why it is a problem/issue. The identified clinical problem/issue explains the following elements with detail and clarity: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, and improved patient care consistent with specific health care agency resulting in nursing practice change. Sound rationale is provided in the discussion of the clinical problem/issue resolution.

10.0 % PICOT Statement Focused on Resolution, Improvement, Application, and Intervention

PICOT statement does not focus on resolution of a problem/issue, improvement of patient care or application of a nursing intervention.

PICOT statement discusses a clinical problem/issue without a focus on improvement or intervention.

PICOT statement focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue that improves patient care through the application of a nursing intervention.

PICOT statement focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue, with discussion of improving patient care through the application of an evidenced-based nursing intervention.

PICOT statement clearly focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue and aims at improving patient care through the application of an evidenced-based nursing intervention.

10.0 % PICOT Statement Including Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are not included.

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are present, but lack detail or are incomplete.

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are present.

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are clearly provided and well developed.

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details.

15.0 %Organization and Effectiveness

5.0 % Presentation

Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

5.0 % Argument Logic and Construction

Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

5.0 % Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present.

Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used.

Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used.

Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

5.0 %Format

2.0 % Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.

Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

All format elements are correct.

5.0 %Format

3.0 % Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

Sources are not documented.

Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

100 % Total Weightage

understanding psychology 9th edition morris and maisto?

understanding psychology 9th edition morris and maisto?

Combining Nurse Leader With Advocacy

Write a reflection of 750-1,000 words in which you identify your strengths and weaknesses related to the four content areas below:

Personal and professional accountability
Career planning
Personal journey disciplines
Reflective practice reference behaviors/tenets
Discuss how you will use your current leadership skill set to advocate for change in your workplace.

Identify one personal goal for your leadership growth and discuss your implementation plan to achieve that goal.

While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

RUBRICS

Identification of strengths and weaknesses related to the four content areas listed.

Discussion of use of current leadership skills to advocate change in the workplac

Reflection on personal goal for leadership growth and development of implementation plan to reach goa
Nurse is a person who is dedicated to taking care of people in the health care field. Nurses play a role of leader in every step of their career. They use their skills, knowledge and experiences to take care of individual and communities. Therefore, every nurse should be aware of their leadership role within self as well as need to identify weakness which may be due to lacking knowledge and skills. Nursing is an independent profession of health science and has a great influence in shaping healthy work environment. Being A nurse for a few years as well as taking the position of charge nurse, I have found myself having the quality of the leadership traits. I feel that there are more rooms for me to do and learn, which will make me a reliable nursing professional. This paper discusses the weakness and strength of a nurse based on the nurse manager skills tools. The nurse manager inventory skill tool reflects my skills, behavior, and professional accountability, career planning, my journey disciplines and reflective practice reference behaviors. Personal and professional accountability When evaluating myself on personal growth, career development, continuing education and certification, I would rate myself in the average range. Despite of being enrolled in school for BSN degree, I still have more to do such as, medical/surgical and orthopedic certification are my area of interest. Currently working to achieve these along with my BSN degree. I am a stroke certified nurse and a member of the American Nurses Association since 2010. After completing my BSN degree, I plan to continue my nursing for a doctorate degree in nursing. I have not been active in the legislation in advocation my fellow nurses nor my patients. However, I rate myself high when it comes to the ethical act and nursing practices. I am highly influenced through the evidence bases practice to improve the quality of care and patient outcomes. It is important for me to demonstrate this behavior as well as show dedication to other fellow nurses to keep the culture of practice and improve the quality of care. Career planning With the evolution of health care industry nurses’ responsibility, role, education changes according to the healthcare demand. This evolving of the profession has created an atmosphere for nurses to regulator their career in futures according to the needs of society. According to NCBI “career planning and development provides nurses with a focused strategy to take greater responsibility for engaging in the ongoing planning process that is crucial throughout the major stages of their career (Rebecca Hendren, October 2010)”. Nurses should also continue to develop their knowledge, leadership skills, and competencies with other health care professionals as well. According to Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, sickest patient will only be admitted to hospital, but the less sick patient remains at home (Donner, G. J., & Wheeler, M. M. (2001, June). This indicates that nurses are not limited in one area or hospitals, but provides holistic care at all levels in our community. After reading the vision developed by IOM, the future of nursing report, I feel more informed about my job description and where to position myself for future adoption. I am planning to continue my education in doctorate in nursing, as the high turnover is taking place in the nursing profession along with health reforms. The high demand of the nursing workforce and aging population among nurses has provided me with an idea to advance my career in leadership roles and engage myself in a profession to practice nursing. In the meantime, I can be a mentoring, educating and facilitating new nurses with training to provide quality care. Personal journey We learn every day and there is always room to grow. Nursing has taught me how to grow and gained several experiences while taking care of patients and families. Communication, ethical and critical decision making are some important part of the nursing profession. Everyone has the opportunity to learn and ways to improve, action learning and reflective practice is not comfortable zone to me, but it gives me an opportunity to learn and practice healthy environment in the workplace. Patient teaching was a great deal for me when I was doing AND. I was scared if I could not answer the patient`s and family asked question, I knew I was not alone still was scared. As I become an experienced nurse, teaching communication and building professional relationship with patients and families gave me more confidence, responsibility and accountability into my profession. I developed more strength in solving problem, using critical decision making, knowledge and skills development in different situation. Speaking and advocating for is a journey of learning and a great way for improvement. Reflective Practice Reference Behaviors/ Tenets I considered myself to be a competent nurse. I have gained leadership skills throughout the journey of nursing and it has helped me shape my personality as well as my behavior. I have always maintained the virtue of honesty, respect, and integrity of the workplace. Team player, advocating for my patient and fellow nurses and staying current in the practice is important part of my personal behavior. Such behavior will help me to improve the quality of care and patient outcomes. Reflective practice is especially important in nursing because nurses “need to focus on their knowledge, skills and behavior to ensure that they are able to meet the demands made on them by this commitment”. I like to get feedback for my action and share information to others, this will help me to develop new skills and ideas and help plan my future action. Conclusion, I have faced many challenges and accomplished many things during my nursing journey. Nurse is a leader, educator and care provider. It is important for nurses to advocate for her patient, family as well as own self. Nursing is an independent profession of health science and has a great influence in shaping healthy work environment. Keeping up-to-date in knowledge and staying current with practice is an important part of nursing. Today nurses are the front line in the health care system, therefore we should be evolving with the transformation of the healthcare system for the future of nursing professions. Achieving the highest degree of education and training will help nurses stay strong within the profession as well as can provide affordable, seamless and quality of care to all people in the nation with low cost and improve health outcomes. References: Donner, G. J., & Wheeler, M. M. (2001, June). Career planning and development for nurses: the time has come. Retrieved October 22, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11407466 Health and Medicine Division. (2015, October 05). Retrieved October 22, 2017, from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2010/The-Future-of-Nursing-Leading-Change-Advancing-Health.aspx Rebecca Hendren, October 2010 IOM report offers glimpse of nursing’s future. (n.d.). Retrieved October 22, 2017, from http://www.strategiesfornursemanagers.com/contentprint.cfm?content_id=257764

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Technology versus Human Innovation in Project Management

Project management underscores the need and presence for various aspects to be incorporated in the entire process. The ability to personalize and innovate the processes is central to project management, and while technology is seen to be highly effective, it lacks in the ability to innovate at least as frequently as required by the process (Edwards, 2001). On the other hand, the use or application of human innovation, which shows a lot of dynamism and creativity, might fail in the application of high levels of efficiency that are seen in the application of technology. The real question becomes whether it is possible and acceptable to ensure that innovation and creativity present in the human innovation approach is better and can be employed at the expense of efficiency.

Literature Review

The role and presence of technology in project management are irrefutable as more processes are becoming mechanized and tailored to include aspects of technology. However, in questioning the role that technology plays, Taylor, Casto, and Walls (2007) point out that education, among other processes, have been going on without any technology in the past with positive results. Bess (2010) also scrutinizes the presence of humans and their competition that are enhanced through technology and how these compare. This is also done by Knott, Steube and Yang (2013) from a sustainability angle. Hikmet, Bhattacherjee, Menachemi, Kayhan, and Brooks (2008) apply the difference between technology and human roles in a scrutiny of a healthcare project or industry.

The role of technology is also scrutinized in terms of acquisition of technology as opposed to the application of the same. Li, and colleagues (2007) compare between the people who have been raised up in a region and those who have come in from different regions having acquired different technological expertise. The idea shows that the input of technology is greater than most people realize even in the backdrop of the fact that some people may have more localized knowledge of processes. Launius and McCurdy (2007) also look at the same approach with consideration to the suggestion that robots should replace humans in the execution of space projects.

The type of project can also dictate and influence the decision of whether technology is better placed to perform some tasks over human innovation. This is the idea underscoring the argument in Launius and McCurdy (2007) and it is the idea as explained by Haff (2014). In the education or manufacturing scene, there are responsibilities that are strictly left for technology while others are not suitable for technology. Under the same tenet, it emerges that there are industries that are fit for technology while others are not………………………………………………..

Skilled Nursing and Continuing Long-Term Care

Skilled Nursing and Continuing Long-Term Care

Assignment Overview

Your neighbor Susan Jones calls you seeking advice concerning long term care decisions for her parents Stella and Anthony Hill. Mr. and Mrs. Hill are both retired. Mr. Hill is much older than his wife and has considerable limitations in his ability to function. He can not make it through the day without help. Mrs. Hill is in relatively good health.

They are thinking about selling their home and moving Mr. Hill into a Skilled Nursing Facility. Mrs. Hill will then move into a local continuing care retirement center. Susan knows nothing about health care delivery or long term care, and has some concerns about both of her parents. She asks you to provide her information about Skilled Nursing Facilities and Continuing Care Retirement Centers, the advantages and disadvantages of Skilled Nursing Facilities and Continuing Care Retirement Centers as well as information that would allow her to assist her parents with decision-making. What advice and information can you provide Susan?
Case Assignment

Use the information in the modular background readings as well as any resource you can find conducting research on the world wide web. Please be sure to cite all sources and provide a reference list at the end of the paper.

The following terms will be assessed in particular:

Your understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of Skilled Nursing Facilities and Continuing Care Retirement Centers.
Your ability to apply your knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of Skilled Nursing Facilities and Continuing Care Retirement Centers to provide information to assist in the case scenario.

Assignment Expectations

You will be expected to provide a scholarly basis for your response.
Your opinions must be justified with evidence from the literature.
References should be cited properly in the text of your essay (either in parentheses or as footnotes), as well as at the end.
Please support your discussions with scholarly support (3-5 references). Be sure to properly cite all references.
Be sure to apply critical thinking skills to the assignment components stated above.
The page length for this assignment should be 3 pages (not counting title page and references). You should cite at least 3 references for your discussion. Be sure to properly cite all references both within the text (at the end of paraphrased paragraphs) and at the end of your paper.
Required Reading
Botkin, B. (2011, June 16). Reports outline nursing facilities fly-from minute to life-threatening. McClatchy- Tribune Business News. Retrieved from Proquest
Bynum, J. P. W., Andrews, A., Sharp, S., McCollough, D., & Wennberg, J. E. (2011). Fewer hospitalizations results when primary care is highly integrated into a continuing care retirement community. Health Affairs, 30(5), 975-984. Retrieved from Proquest
Gibson, M., Carter, M. W., Helmes, E., Edberg, A. K. (2010). Principles of good care for long-term care facilities. International Psychogeriatrics, 22(7), 1072-1083. Retrieved from Proquest
Harrington, C., Tsoukalas, T., Rudder, C., Mollot, R. J., & Carrillo, H. (2008). Variation of the use of federal and state civil monetary penalties for nursing homes. The Gerontologist,48(5), 679-691. Retrieved from Proquest
Kim, H., Harrington, C., & Greene, W. H. (2009). Registered nurse staffing mix and quality of care. Nursing homes: A longitudinal analysis. The Gerontologist, 49(1), 81-90. Retrieved from Proquest
Mason, S., Auerbach, C., LaPorte, H., (2009). From Hospital to Nursing Facility: Factors Influencing Decisions. Health and Social Work 34 (1). Retrieved from Proquest
McClure, R. (2011, April 9). Elderly and facing eviction: foreclosures are affecting senior housing too, residents and their investments at risk. Los Angeles times. Retrieved from Proquest
Shippee, T.P., (2009). “But I Am Not Moving”: Residents’ Perspectives on Transitions Within a Continuing Care Retirement Community. The Gerontologist 49 (3), 418. Retrieved from Proquest
Sweem, S. & Stowe, M. (2012). Six C’s of continuing care retirement communities (CCRC) leadership development. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 11(1), 27-41. Retrieved from Proquest
Wagner, L. M., McDonald, S. M., & Castle, N. G. (2012). Impact of voluntary accreditation on deficiency citations in U.S. nursing homes. . The gerontologist, 52(4), 561-570. Retrieved from EBSCO
Websites
HELPGUIDE.ORG (2010). Continuing Care Retirement Communities. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/elder/continuing_care_retirement_communities.htm.
How to Evaluate a Continuing Care retirement Community (2010). Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how_11581_evaluate-continuing-care.html.
Optional Readings
Anonymous. (2011, June 16). Medicare and Medicaid: retirement community Harrogate receives highest rating from Medicare and Medicaid services. StATe & Local Health Law Weekly. Retrieved from Proquest
Decker, F. H. (2008). Nursing home performance in resident care in the United States: Is it only a matter of for-profit versus not-for-profit? Health Economics, Policy and Law, 3(2), 115- 140. Retrieved from Proquest
Spinner, J. (2008, March 3). Despite city lot, few assisted living centers licensed. The Washington Post. Retrieved from Proquest
NLN/APHA Program for Accreditation of Home Health Agencies and Community Nursing Services. Full Text Available American Journal of Public Health. Dec1979, Vol. 69 Issue 12, p1304-1306. 3p. Retrieved from EBSCO

Term Paper: The importance of a water distribution in the light of water supply and quality, environmental health in recreational areas, and wastewater management

Term Paper: The importance of a water distribution in the light of water supply and quality, environmental health in recreational areas, and wastewater management

nclude your research proposal with a good, solid one-half to one-third-page paragraph that sums up your research and offers a final thought.

Persuasive Proposal Paper

Assignment #7: Writing the Conclusion, Gathering all the Sections, and Adding the Works Cited

ENGL 1020

Writing the Conclusion

You will be tempted when you get to this point to just write THE END!!!!! and be done with it, because it seems that you have repeated the issues and your arguments many times already in the proposal, but don’t just quit. Conclude your research proposal with a good, solid one-half to one-third-page paragraph that sums up your research and offers a final thought. The conclusion to a short work like a research proposal needs to include:

· A recap of your thesis and the key points of your argument. BUT, do not copy it verbatim from other sections. Instead, use fresh language (remember to use a Thesaurus and the synonyms function in Word).

· End with some (moderately) emotional impact. Three types of conclusions writers often use are:

(a) A “negative consequences” conclusion. In this type, make a clear statement of the ultimate consequences of not accepting your argument, but do not be apocalyptic.

(b) A “no viable alternative” conclusion is a bit more difficult to construct, because you must include a criterion against which alternatives to your claim must be measured.

(c) A “positive consequences” conclusion that emphasizes the fact that some potentially positive outcome will be missed if your position isn’t adopted. (most persuasive approach)

· Many topics will not lend themselves to a “consequences” conclusion. If yours does not, consider some strategies from creative non-fiction:

(a) Try to bring the reader and the narrative full circle by striking a note that was sounded at the beginning of your paper. This is a satisfying ending for a reader because the piece as a whole becomes symmetrical and resonant.

(b) Use a quotation with a sense of finality that requires no explanation.

· Everyone’s conclusion must end with a sentence that is satisfyingly FINAL. The perfect ending should take the reader slightly by surprise and yet somehow seems exactly right.

· Never conclude a piece with In conclusion . . ., In summary . . ., To sum up . . ., Finally . . ., Let me just say in conclusion . . . , One thought I want you to take away . . . or any variation thereupon.

· Don’t ask questions in the conclusion, not even a rhetorical question to challenge the reader. The reasons for this are that it undermines your work by suggesting that you haven’t thought enough about it and it is a worn-out narrative device.

This is an example of a good conclusion from a student writer:

Implementing a solid standard for technology access in public schools throughout Tennessee will ensure that all students are equipped to function in a world that is becoming more dependent on technology each day. Research has shown that learning technology has a significant effect on students’ test scores as well as their attitudes towards learning. This suggests that rural and poor communities primarily targeted by this standard would see a rise in student performance as well as student participation. No student should be disadvantaged because of the location of his or her community. All students in this state deserve the opportunity to access tools that will help thrust them further into modern industry and out of low-wage local jobs that many rural students are presently predestined for. (Ben Webb, “A Standard for Technological Access”)

This is another good concluding paragraph from a student paper:

The application of photo manipulation is growing and with new surfacing technologies that make it even easier, it more important than ever to set a boundary of ethics for what is right and what is wrong. It is becoming harder than ever for photojournalists to revise their practices and keep to a set of ethical boundaries. Without these rules and guidelines, what used to be fact and truth is becoming confused with art, cartoons, fantasy and fiction. Where photography was once used as evidence and truth, it is losing its credibility and turning the media into a growing pot of lies and scandal. Just because incredible technology exists that allows us to crop one persons head onto another’s body, that doesn’t give us the excuse to use it and publish it. As Bradley Wilson of the NPPA said, “our job as journalists is to depict reality, not to change it” (Rattini).

(Stacey Suarez, “Image Manipulation Ethics in Digital Media”)

Gathering all the sections together

In a new Word document that is formatted correctly (1” margins, double spaced, page #s) cut and paste all the sections you have already written. Use section headings (bolded), and put them in this order:

Audience

Introduction

Project Description

Complexities within the Issue

Propose and Argue

Research Plan

Conclusion

Works Cited (not bolded)

Adding the Works Cited

If you haven’t kept a running list of sources that you borrowed from someone else, go back to the beginning of your proposal and highlight every single thing that needs to be credited to someone else. (That is for your information, and not to appear on the final draft.) As a separate page, compose the Works Cited page with those sources. Alphabetize the sources according to the author; use your Writer’s Reference and double check to make sure the citation is correct. If you cut and paste the corrected citations from your annotated bibliography, do not include annotations.

Final proofreading:

· Make the changes I indicated on your daily assignments.

· If you have someone to proofread your paper, let him or her. If you have problems with grammar, punctuation or usage, by all means go to the CAA on Sherrod first floor and make an appointment to have your work read. Consider the suggestions that person makes and make changes.

· Read the entire paper out loud.

· Fix sentences that don’t make sense.

· Fix in-text and Works Cited citations.

· Check the entire paper for proper formatting.

· Print the document to turn in.

· Submit to D2L Dropbox called “Persuasive Proposal Paper”

What is culture? —Concerned with the symbolic construction, articulation, and dissemination of meaning

Steger, Globalization, chap. 5

Global East Asia so far Chap. 1 Globalization: a contested concept Chap. 2 Globalization in history: is globalization a new phenomenon? Chap. 3 The economic dimension of globalization Chap. 4 The political dimension of globalization ***Chap. 4 Recitation Wed. March 28***

Steger Chap. 5: The cultural dimension of globalization —Wed. April 4 Chap. 5 Recitation —Chap. 5 Response paper due: Tues. April 3,

10:00 PM

Chap. 5 reading March 29 Thurs. lecture: Social convergence and the appeal of pop culture — Reading: Nissim Kadosh Otmazgin, “Japanese Popular

Culture in East and Southeast Asia: Time for a Regional Paradigm?” japanfocus.org (2008)

Electronic devices OFF

What is culture?

—An aspect of social life

What is culture?

—Concerned with the symbolic construction, articulation, and dissemination of meaning

Major forms of symbolic expression

—Language —Music — Images

Culture: 3 meanings 1. Human culture: symbolic expression,

universal to all human societies (Steger) 2. Cultural sphere: symbolic expression in one

group of societies that separates it from another group — “Western culture,” “Asian culture” “Islamic

culture” 3. National culture: symbolic expression in one

society that separates it from other societies — “Chinese culture,” “Japanese culture,”

“Korean culture”

Symbols of “Chinese Culture” —Chinese cuisine —Chinese writing system & calligraphy —Great Wall of China —Panda bears

China’s symbol of “soft power”

Stylized symbol

Manipulated symbol

Homo sapiens—modern humans —Anatomically modern humans emerged

about 315,000 years ago —Behavioral modernity arose about 40,000

years ago, with evidence of symbolic thought —Language, figurative art, religion, music

— These behaviors are thought to have built unity in the group and helped early homo sapiens to survive

Vulture bone flute: 35,000 years old

Lascaux cave paintings 20,000 yrs.

Homo sapiens vs. Neanderthals

—Neanderthals died out less than 30,000 years ago

—Hypothesis: they were eclipsed by the social & cultural prowess of growing groups of homo sapiens, made possible by symbolic thought

Neanderthal symbolic thought 50,000 year old shell necklace (Spain)

Chapter 5: Steger’s 3 important themes: Theme 1 1. The tension between sameness and

difference in the emerging global culture.

Theme 2

2. The crucial role of transnational media corporations in disseminating popular culture —Global cultural flows are generated and

directed by global media empires that rely on powerful communication technologies

Theme 3

3. The globalization of languages —Some languages are increasingly used in

international communication while others disappear

Theme 3: Shifting global patterns of language use —The globalization of languages is a process

by which some languages are used more in international communication while others decline or disappear

Theme 3: Five key variables 1. Number of languages is shrinking 2. Migration and travel spreads languages 3. Foreign language learning disperses

languages beyond borders 4. Language use on Internet is sign of both

dominance and variety 5. Scientific publications impact intellectual

communities differently depending on language of publication

Language extinction is parallel to species extinction: Globalization creates “environmental” pressures that impact languages and life- forms similarly

—Human cultural ecologies —Earth natural ecologies

—Chapter 6: Ecological dimensions of globalization.

Three Hypotheses 1. As a few languages achieve global dominance

(English, Chinese, Spanish), other languages will decline and even disappear.

2. Even as global languages emerge, local languages will survive.

3. The powerful Anglo-American culture industry will make English (“Globish”) the dominant global language of the 21st century. — As of 1990, English used by only 350 million native

speakers, 400 million speakers of English as a second language; but 80% of Internet content is in English.

Despacito’s breakthrough — Luis Fonsi, Daddy Yankee in Spanish https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJQP7kiw5Fk 4.41 — With Justin Bieber in Spanish and English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72UO0v5ESUo 3.49 — Despacito in six different languages https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mEWpyfAiXFw 4.01

Group discussion: Which do you think is the most likely outcome? Hypothesis 1: A few languages achieve global dominance (English, Chinese, Spanish); other languages will decline and even disappear. Hypothesis 2: Global languages emerge; local languages will survive. Hypothesis 3: English becomes the dominant global language of the 21st century.

Clickers ON

Q: Which do you think is the most likely outcome? A. Hypothesis 1: A few languages achieve global

dominance (English, Chinese, Spanish); other languages will decline and even disappear.

B. Hypothesis 2: Global languages emerge; local languages will survive.

C. Hypothesis 3: English becomes the dominant global language of the 21st century.

Theme 1: Tension between sameness/difference

Does globalization make people around the world more alike or more different? —Cultural rainbow (differences maintained) —Cultural melting pot (leads to sameness)

Globalizers

—Globalizers argue that globalization makes people more alike, or “homogenous” and therefore leads to cultural sameness

Clickers ON

According to Steger’s discussion in chapter 5, which group thinks cultural sameness is undesirable? A. Globalization skeptics B. Optimistic globalizers C. Pessimistic globalizers

Globalizers

—Globalizers argue that globalization makes people more alike, or “homogenous” —Pessimistic globalizers see cultural

homogenization as undesirable —Optimistic globalizers see it as desirable

Optimistic globalizers

—Optimistic globalizers see cultural homogenization as a good thing, leading to expansion of democracy and free markets, and key to achieving a global imaginary

Criticism of cultural imperialism Global spread of American culture is a form of cultural imperialism — Power of Western/Global North “culture

industry” based on New York, Hollywood, London, and Milan

— Cf. Despacito and Justin Bieber’s contribution to its global success

Globalization is not a vertical hierarchy

global

local

Globalization is a horizontal relationship, but there is a power asymmetry

global local

“McDonaldization” and sameness

Coined by George Ritzer, refers to principles of fast-food that dominate more and more sectors of global society —Rational, efficient, predictable ways to serve

people’s needs

Can globalization create diversity?

Roland Robertson is a globalization sceptic and rejects the idea that cultures become homogenized in globalization —Globalization leads to new forms of cultural

expression

Glocalization Global and local cultural elements interact and produce cultural hybridity —This cultural hybridization is most visible in

fashion, music, dance, film, food, and language — Chap. 2 Allen & Sakamoto “Sushi reverses

course” — Despacito; Rivers of Babylon line dance

Steger: Globalization has a contradictory impact on culture

Globalization may lead to BOTH — loss of traditional symbolic expression AND — creation of new symbolic expressions

Steger: Three effects of cultural interaction

1. Sameness, homogenization 2. Hybridity, glocalization 3. New cultural expression

Pieterse: Three effects of cultural interaction (2009) 1. Homogenization (=Steger: sameness) 2. Hybridization (=Steger: hybridity,

glocalization) 3. Polarization (⌿Steger: new cultural

expression)

Pieterse: Awareness of difference = function of globalization

— “Growing awareness of cultural difference is a function of globalization. Increasing cross- cultural communication, mobility, migration, trade, investment, tourism, all generate awareness of cultural difference.” Pieterse, p. 60